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In a generic way, we can define software prototyping as the process that allows you to create a visual model of the product or system whose development you intend to carry out.
Revisiting the history of software development helps us understand the use of prototyping. In the 60s of the last century, a development model was created that has remained popular to this day, the SLDC – Software Development Life Cycle.
The SDLC presented as a great advantage the segmentation of software production into different individual phases, which would work in a systemic way, with their inputs, processing and results that would pass to the next phase, after being verified and validated.
Its use revealed its limitations: it started from the wrong assumption that the development process is linear and that interactions between phases are exceptions.
This approach meant that the tangible components of the system were only available very late. On the other hand, any change that became necessary, for example, requested by the client, became difficult to meet without the expenditure of enormous resources.
It is in this context that in the 80s the Prototyping-Oriented Software Live Cycle emerged. This model does not introduce a break with the previous one, but rather complements it, making it more iterative. Prototyping starts to assume a central role.
As Connell and Shafer state, “ A software prototype is a dynamic visual model providing a communication tool for customer and developer that is far more effective than either narrative prose or static visual models for portraying functionality. It has been described as:
(Connell JL, Shafer LB.: Structured Rapid Prototyping. Prentice Hall International, Yourdon Press, 1989)
The role of prototyping in software development is particularly important in cases where the client does not have well-defined project requirements, protyping allows creating a first prototype of the final product, testing it and improving it until its approval. From that moment on, the prototype developed becomes the basis of development for the final product.
“As some developers like to say, “If a picture is worth a thousand words, then a prototype is worth a thousand meetings.” “
John Doe
in, What is Prototyping in Software Development (and Why It's Important)
There are several types of prototypes in software development and various nomenclatures as well. Looking to structure a little, we can say that they differ according to two major axes: the scope (how much they represent of the final system) and their degree of realism:
4 Types of Prototyping Templates
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